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Soda loading with LACTAT BUFFER increases the lactate tolerance in high-intensity sports

Muscle hyperacidity and the consequent accumulation of lactate as well as a short-term drop in blood pH are performance-limiting factors when it comes to high-intensity training and competition. The athlete becomes «acidic» and therefore limited in his performance. In this situation, sodium citrate and sodium bicarbonate offer great benefits. SPONSER sells both ingredients in its beverage powder LACTAT BUFFER.

Soda loading: function and benefit
Supplementation with LACTAT BUFFER or sodium bicarbonate and/or citrate is also called «soda loading». If sodium citrate and sodium bicarbonate are used in high-intensity sports that last from approx. 1 to 10 minutes, significant performance improvements can be expected. The greater the anaerobic-lactacid load, and thus the more pronounced the induced metabolic acidosis, the more effective an increased buffering capacity may improve performance.

Which sports benefit?
In practice, this means that athletes such as middle distance runners, rowers, swimmers, alpine ski athletes etc. benefit significantly from this specific kind of supplementation. More than, for example, endurance athletes such as long-distance runners, triathletes or cyclists. This is because anaerobic sports train significantly higher lactate tolerance than endurance sports. Another group of athletes that potentially benefits from a soda loading is the one working with repetitive interval loads. This applies to many team sports, ball sports and martial arts.
Soda loading is also interesting for strength athletes, as the isolated training of fewer muscles produces very high local lactate values, which must be removed as quickly as possible. If the muscle remains «sour» for too long, the next set cannot be completed quickly enough and with sufficient strain. Since soda loading also means an increased sodium intake, supplementation in weight training should not be carried out permanently but reserved for intensive phases. The same applies to sports where one or even several competitions take place every week.

Increased lactate tolerance, improved acid buffer capacity
Due to the mode of action of an increased bicarbonate buffer in the blood, the individual lactate value of the athlete is not necessarily increased, but primarily the lactate tolerance. This means that the athlete with his individual lactate value can endure a load for a longer time or achieve a higher performance. The athlete does not necessarily interpret the perceived load as lower if the maximum achievable performance in competition is aimed at. In contrast however, a given, defined performance should be perceived as less stressful. In all cases a much faster recovery is to be expected, because the acid removal is accelerated by the increased buffer capacity. This means faster disappearance of the «stiff» muscle feeling after exercise as well as faster recovery.

Studies prove effectiveness
As early as 1993, a first meta-analysis examined 29 studies on athletes with soda loading. Overall, the performance until exhaustion was massively increased with an average of 27%. Due to the diversity of the study designs, however, also with a large variation of +7% to +47% (average thus +27%). In the meantime, many other studies have been carried out and soda loading is considered one of the supplementation measures with the scientifically most broadly supported, performance-enhancing effect.

Dosage and intake
In the past, soda loading was practiced about 3 hours before the competition, which was an enormous dose when taking 0.3-0.5 g sodium bicarbonate and/or citrate per kg body weight. This led to gastrointestinal problems very often. According to the latest study findings, supplementation is now carried out over several days. Thus, the tolerance problems of a high single dosage can be avoided.
Ideally, LACTAT BUFFER should be consumed 3-5 days before the competition, spread over the day as recommended, with the last dose being taken 3 hours before the start at the latest. Interestingly, the performance-enhancing effect of this multi-day intake strategy seems to last up to 2 days after discontinuation of supplementation. This is accordingly important for sports events lasting several days.

Combined increase of intra- and extracellular buffer capacity
Many studies about supplementation to increase intra- and extracellular buffer capacity haven been published so far; with many different intake profiles and forms of workouts. As expected, and as explained above, the greatest benefit is achieved with highly intensive loads of 1 to 10 minutes duration. Such forms of performance produce the highest acidosis in the musculature and consequently in the blood. In order to achieve maximum benefit in the anaerobic-lactacid performance range, the increase in extracellular buffer capacity through soda loading can be combined with an increase in intracellular buffer capacity through beta-alanine. The combination of these two measures can lead to an additional increase in performance, at least if chronic soda loading is carried out (approx. 3-4 days before the competition). Since the intake of BETA-ALANINE also requires a chronic intake for about 8 weeks in order to increase the body's own carnosine stores, such an intake strategy does not give rise to any tolerance problems compared to acute intake on the day of the competition.

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Author: Remo Jutzeler
Head R&D SPONSER SPORT FOOD
Ing. Applied Food Sciences UAS
MAS Nutrition & Health ETHZ